Hypothyroidism in Dogs Explained: Signs, Causes, and How to Help Your Pet

Hypothyroidism is a common yet often misunderstood condition that affects many dogs, especially as they grow older. If left untreated, it can lead to various health complications, including weight gain, lethargy, and skin problems. But the good news is that once diagnosed, hypothyroidism is usually easy to manage with the right treatment. Whether your dog is showing signs or you're simply curious, this guide is a must-read to help keep your furry friend healthy and happy.

Hypothyroidism is a condition where a dog’s thyroid gland, located in their neck, becomes underactive. This gland is a crucial part of the endocrine system, responsible for producing hormones such as thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3), which help regulate metabolism, body temperature, and energy levels.

When the thyroid doesn’t produce enough of these hormones, a dog’s metabolism slows down, leading to noticeable changes in their behaviour and appearance.

Dogs with hypothyroidism typically experience a significant drop in their energy levels and may become less interested in daily activities. Their metabolism slows, which can lead to weight gain even without a change in diet. In some cases, dogs may develop a dull coat, lose hair, or have trouble regulating their body temperature.

Hypothyroidism is more common in middle-aged and older dogs, and some breeds, such as Golden Retrievers, Cocker Spaniels, and Dachshunds, are more prone to developing it.

While hypothyroidism can lead to other complications if untreated, such as nerve issues, it is usually manageable with proper treatment. Recognising the signs early and seeking veterinary advice is essential to ensure your dog can get back to living a healthy, active life.

The early signs of hypothyroidism can be subtle, so it’s important to keep an eye on your dog’s behaviour. Symptoms often include:

• Unexplained weight gain
• Reduced energy and lethargy
• Increased shedding or thinning of their coat
• Dull coat appearance
• Sensitivity to cold, such as shivering or seeking out warmer areas
• A higher tendency for skin infections

If you notice any combination of these symptoms, it’s worth speaking to your vet to investigate further.

How is Hypothyroidism Diagnosed?

• Regular check-ups with your vet can help identify hypothyroidism early. Because the symptoms are often broad and can be linked to various health conditions, your vet will likely conduct blood tests to assess your dog’s thyroid hormone levels. These tests measure the total T4 levels in your dog’s bloodstream. However, because a low T4 level can sometimes be caused by other illnesses or medications, further testing may be required to confirm the diagnosis.

Treatment Options for Hypothyroidism

• Although hypothyroidism isn’t curable, it is highly manageable. Treatment typically involves administering a synthetic form of thyroid hormone to make up for the deficiency. This treatment helps restore your dog’s energy, improve their coat condition, and regulate their body temperature. The dosage may need adjustment over time, so regular vet visits are crucial to ensure your pet continues to receive the correct amount of medication.

Your vet will also recommend ongoing monitoring through blood tests to check thyroid hormone levels and adjust treatment as necessary. With the right management plan, dogs with hypothyroidism can lead full, active lives.

If you think your dog may have hypothyroidism, it’s important to consult your vet as soon as possible. Once diagnosed, the condition is typically easy to manage, and your pet can quickly return to their normal routine with the right treatment.

We offer comprehensive diagnostic services, including in-house blood testing. Our experienced team is here to support your pet’s health every step of the way. 

Call us today at 8381-2300 to schedule a check-up for your pet, or book an appointment online.